This is a brief introduction to the law of privacy and communications surveillance in India, at a National Roundtable on Privacy and Surveillance at the India International Centre in New Delhi on 4th July 2014. The Roundtable was convened to discuss proposals to reform existing laws relating to the interception of communications in India. Current interception provisions are contained in section 5(2) of the Indian Telegraph Act 1885, section 26 of the Indian Post Office Act 1898, and sections 69 and 69B of the Information Technology Act 2000.